Bearing and method of making the same



Feb. 26, 1929. 1,703,177

c. R; SHORT BEARING AND METHC JD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed March 1926 invention has for its object theproduction of a bearing its composition andthe back, which may phosphor tin,

UNITED AT-Es PATENT oF -cE;

"We 3. snoar, or DAYTON, onro.

- e AND mn'rnon crammernn Application am much 1,. 1926. Serial 1%. 91,599.

which possessesimproved wearing qualities both by virtue of method of manufacture. My bearin is composed of finely divided particles of aluminum secured to the be of steel, iron, brass, or any other suitable metal, by the application of pressure of a very high order, preferably accompanied by heating. In order to insure a good bond I have also found it desirable to make use of a bonding agent, preferably this substance, when in a state of flow, possessing theproperty of wetting the surfaces to be joined together thus effecting good contact. y

The bearing composition above described possesses a higher melting point than the commonly used alloys, is harder, with accompanying reduction m the coeflicient of friction, and is a sequently bearings made of this composition 7 overlying the edges 1 the bearing back 42 will stand greater wear The bearing is also rupted surface which provides pockets for the reception of oil thus facilitating lubrication.

The method of making the above .described bearing consists in placing a quantity of powdered metal in the bearing back and pressing the metal in place by the use of a pro rl shaped tool w 'ch is moved toward the a and exerts a powerful sidewise preswithout burning out.

sure on the powdered metal causing it to adhere to the surface of the back, this surface preferably having been previously tinned or otherwise treatedto insure a goo bond. In most cases also itwill be found desirable to accompany-the pr g, operation with the application of a certain amount of heat so as to cause the particles of metal to cohe're and adhere to an extent to produce a good metal union.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 illustrates one lining a semi-circularbearing back with the bearing surface of' compressed powdered metal. Fig. 2

In Figure 1 I have indicated a a plying the lining to the bearin back. In this case 40 indicates a su'table die in which is received, while 44 is a plunger adapted to force the bearing metal indicated at 46 into place in the back. The die is preferably provided with portions 48 .of the back and the .ing of the parts to better conductor of heat. Con-- characterized by an interform of. device for shows a complete half beardevice for plunger is provided'with shoul ers 49 for engagmg the edges of the lining to force it into osi'tion. I have also indicated at 50 electrical heating elements which may be imbedded in the die and piunger to permit heattures for best operation. 7

The bearing material which I. prefer to use consists of a mixture of powdered aluminum and a suitable bonding metal such as phosphor tin preferably in thepropo'rtion of 90 parts of aluminum to 10 parts of phosphor tin; As previously stated it has heretofore. been discovered that'phosphor tinassis'ts in the bonding of metals by causing a wetting.

of the surfaces to which it is applied. When used as above stated the phosphor tin will assist in bonding the aluminum to the bearmg back which has preferably been tinned,

, and will also assist in securing the particles of aluminum together producing a fairly dense structure.

The proportions given above may be varied. Thus for some classes of service it may be found desirable to use a aluminum for the bearing surface.

Another bonding metal which will be found suitable, in practice consists of 98 parts of lead and 2 parts of phosphor tin. These proportions form a good material for bonding aluminum or aluminum alloys to iron or steel as described in application Ser. No. 45,286, filed July 22,1925, by Harry M. Williams.

' The pressure to which the powdered metal is sub1ected is of a; very hi h order, 60000 to 120000# per square inch ing customarily lesser amount of required temperaemployed in the manufacture of bearings I from pulverized materials. In practice 70000 to 90000# per square inch will be found satisfactory, the operation in this case being carried on with the application of heat to the parts, the heat bringing the constituents of the bearing material, ora portion of them,

into a plastic condition in which they more readily adhere and are more easily worked.

The finished bearing is indicated in Figure 2. It is characterized by a somewhat interrupted surface which is adapted to hold a small quantity of oil and thus assists in lubrication. The bearing material possesses high heat conductivity; its melting point is higher than the melting point of commonly used antifriction metals such "as babbitt; it is harder, the hardness of surface being accompanied by a low coeflicient of friction.

All of the qualities above catalogued insure long life'and better performance-under hard service conditions.

I claim:

1. A device for forming bearings out of powdered metal, comprising in combination, a die member adapted to receive a bearing back; an apertured plate on said die member for holding the bearing back in position 10 within said die member; and a mandrel adapted to enter the die member through the aperture in said plate, said mandrel exertin a radial pressure upon the powdered metiil in the die member to compress said powdered metal causing it to flow over said bearing back and adhere thereto. 2. A device for forming bearings out of powdered metal, comprising in combination,

I a die member shaped to support a bearing back; an apertured plate on said die member for holdingthe bearing back in positlon in said die member; a mandrel having a portion adap ted,tpienterithedie member through the aperture in the plate, said mandrel having portions overlapping the plate so as to limit its downward movement in order to provide a space between the bearing back and the mandrel when the latter is fully inserted into the die member. 3. A device for lining a semi-cylindrical bearing back with a bearing surface of compressed powdered metal, comprising in combination, a die member having a semi-cylindrical recess for receiving and supporting a bearing back; an apertured plate adapted to be secured on the die member for retaining the bearing back therein; and a mandrel comprising a semi-cylindrical portion of lesser radial dimension than the recess of the die member into which it is adapted to be moved, said mandrel having a flange which is adapted to engage the plate to limit the movement of themandrel into the die memberwhereby a space-is provided between said mandrel and the bearing back into which space the powdered metal flows when compressed.

4;. A device for forming bearings from powdered metal comprising, a die member adapted to receive a semi-cylindrical bearing back, an apertured plate on said die member adapted to project over the bearing back to holdthe latter in position in said die member, a mandrel adapted to enter the die member through the aperture in said plate, said mandrel having a projecting flange overlapping said plate to limit the downward movement of the mandrel and a semi-cylindrical lower end of less diameter than the inner diameter of the bearing back whereby a/ space is provided between the bearing back and the mandrel at the lower limit of movement ofthe latter, and shoulders formed on the mandrel at the extremities of its semicylindrical surface.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

CHARLES R, SHORT. 

